Basic Knowledge About Homogeneous PVC Flooring

Homogeneous PVC flooring is a type of highly wear-resistant vinyl flooring made from PVC mixed with fillers and plasticizers. Unlike multi-layer composite flooring, it has a single-layer structure where the material composition is consistent throughout. However, not all homogeneous PVC floors are of the same quality—some lower-grade products may lack durability despite appearing similar. Understanding the key indicators of quality will help you choose the right product.

1. Wear Resistance

Homogeneous PVC flooring is composed of PVC, fillers, and plasticizers, rather than pure PVC. Its wear resistance can be evaluated through standardized testing:

• European Wear Resistance Grades: PVC flooring is categorized into grades T, P, M, and F, with Grade T being the highest. Grade T has nearly zero wear and is typically found in multi-layer composite flooring with a pure PVC wear-resistant layer.

• Higher PVC Content, Better Durability: The greater the PVC content, the stronger the wear resistance, though the cost is also higher. Flooring with higher PVC content is lighter in weight per unit area.

When evaluating bids or specifications, references to minimum unit area weight often serve as indirect indicators of quality.

2. Visual Inspection

A simple cross-sectional inspection can reveal much about flooring quality:

• Uniform Material: High-quality flooring from reputable manufacturers shows a consistent composition throughout the cross-section.

• Powdery Middle Layer: Indicates excessive stone dust filler, which weakens the product.

• Pores or Low Density: Suggests insufficient compaction, reducing strength.

• Brittleness in Winter: If flooring cracks when bent at low temperatures, it is considered inferior.

3. Directional vs. Non-Directional Properties

Under the same grade and usage conditions, non-directional homogeneous PVC flooring is generally of higher quality. This is because the structure is more uniform and less prone to wear inconsistencies.

4. Surface Treatments: PU vs. PUR

Since homogeneous PVC flooring naturally contains microscopic pores, manufacturers apply surface treatments to enhance durability and cleanliness.

• PU (Polyurethane Coating): A thin protective layer applied to the surface. It blocks dirt and stains from penetrating but only lasts until the surface wears off.

• PUR (Polyurethane Reinforcement): A more advanced treatment where polyurethane is embedded throughout the full thickness of the flooring using a calendering process. This ensures long-lasting resistance to dirt and wear. PUR is commonly used in European mid-to-high-end homogeneous PVC flooring.

5. Price Factors

Two major aspects significantly affect the price of homogeneous PVC flooring:

1. Color & Design: Multi-color patterned flooring is generally more expensive than standard two- or three-tone options.

2. Special Properties: Flooring with anti-static performance is priced higher than standard varieties due to its specialized applications in sensitive environments.

Installation Considerations

For best results, homogeneous PVC flooring must be installed under proper conditions:

• Temperature Requirement: Installation should not be carried out below 15°C, as the flooring hardens at lower temperatures, making it more difficult to work with.

• Expansion Coefficient: Homogeneous PVC flooring expands and contracts more than multi-layer composite flooring. Its expansion coefficient is approximately 0.4%, about four times higher than that of composite vinyl flooring.

• Surface Preparation: As with other PVC flooring types, installation requires proper surface flatness, stable humidity, and correct adhesive application.

Conclusion

Homogeneous PVC flooring offers durability, style, and functionality, but its quality varies depending on materials, wear resistance, and treatment technology. By understanding factors such as wear grades, surface treatments, structural uniformity, and installation requirements, you can make an informed choice and ensure long-term performance.